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Underground Spaces with Pinhole Views of Volcanic Landscapes

Authors:
Zhe Chen, Chun Zhang, Liping Chen
Underground Spaces with Pinhole Views of Volcanic Landscapes
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A long dark tunnel leads visitors through underground spaces to expansive views of Hverfell Volcano, creating an immersive experience that celebrates Iceland's volcanic culture within a museum setting.
5 key facts about this project
01
Atrium showcases views of Hverfell Volcano through a pinhole and Fresnel lens.
02
Visitors experience a long, dark tunnel that transitions into bright exhibition spaces.
03
Partially underground design minimizes visual impact on the surrounding landscape.
04
A circular ramp connects exhibition areas to a café, facilitating ongoing exploration.
05
Reflective pond mirrors seasonal changes in Hverfell, enhancing visitor experience.

The Iceland Volcano Museum is located in northern Iceland, positioned within flatlands surrounded by significant natural features such as Hverfell Volcano, Yule Lads, Myvatn Nature Baths, and Dimmuborgir Lava Fields. The design explores the relationship between the constructed space and the landscape. It focuses on educating visitors about Iceland's volcanic culture while providing a unique way to experience the local environment.

Architectural Form

The design includes a gently rising roof and quiet underground spaces that hide the building's actual volume. This choice allows the structure to blend into its surroundings, promoting a connection with the land. The varied form of the museum captures visitors' attention and establishes a clear relationship with the dramatic landscape.

Spatial Experience

Entering the museum, visitors move through a long, dark tunnel that leads them from outside to the heart of the building. This pathway creates a sense of anticipation, guiding visitors to exhibition spaces that showcase Iceland’s volcanic history. The design seeks to enhance the sensory experience, highlighting the bond between the museum and the surrounding geological features.

Atrium and View

The atrium serves as a focal point within the museum, offering expansive views of Hverfell Volcano. An innovative use of a pinhole and Fresnel lens enhances this view, making the volcano an important part of the exhibition experience. This connection helps deepen visitors' engagement with the subject matter and encourages a more immersive visit.

Internal Circulation

Inside, a circular ramp leads visitors up to a café, promoting exploration of different areas in the building. This design element ensures ongoing interaction with the landscape outside. Complementing the museum, a pond provides a reflective surface that mirrors the ever-changing appearance of Hverfell Volcano throughout the seasons.

Natural light flows into the museum, shifting the atmosphere at different times of the day. This adds to the richness of the experience, inviting visitors to think about the architectural features and the stunning natural scenery that surrounds the museum.

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The Buildner’s Unbuilt Award 2025: Celebrating Architectural Creativity and Visionary Unbuilt Designs with a Total Prize Fund of €100,000

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Competition organisers

The Buildner’s Unbuilt Award 2025 is an international architecture competition dedicated to recognizing and celebrating the value of unrealized architectural designs. It invites architects, designers, and students worldwide to submit visionary projects that have not yet been constructed, highlighting the power of ideas and the creativity behind the design process. By focusing on unbuilt work, the competition aims to bring forward concepts that shape the future of architecture and push the boundaries of the profession. 

Participants can compete in three categories based on project scale: Small Wonders (up to 100 m²), Medium Marvels (101–999 m²), and Large Visions (over 1,000 m²). Each category winner will receive €20,000, and additional prizes include honorable mentions, student awards, and a special Best Presentation Award. Winning projects will gain significant international exposure through Buildner’s publicity campaign and a feature article on ArchDaily, providing a unique opportunity to showcase creative ideas to a global audience. 

The Buildner’s Unbuilt Award 2025 encourages entrants to submit any type of unbuilt project, from conceptual visions to detailed designs, celebrating bold innovation without the constraints of realization. Important deadlines: registration closes on October 30, 2025; submissions are due by November 20, 2025; winners will be announced on December 17, 2025.

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Celebrating your unbuilt architecture visions with a €100,000 prize

100,000€ Prize / 2025 ideas COMPETITION
Prize 100,000 €
Eligibility Open to all
Final registration deadline 30 October 2025

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