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Two-Shell Residential Structure with Passive Ventilation and Low-Emissivity Glass

Author:
Zhaowen Zheng
Two-Shell Residential Structure with Passive Ventilation and Low-Emissivity Glass
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Combining a two-shell design with passive ventilation and low-emissivity glass, the structure provides adaptable residential space for everyday living while efficiently managing health-related needs during emergencies.
5 key facts about this project
01
Dual-functionality allows for seamless transition between ordinary living and isolation for health emergencies.
02
Passive ventilation system minimizes virus transmission while enhancing indoor air quality.
03
Two-shell design optimizes energy efficiency by adapting to local climatic conditions.
04
Negative-pressure wards can be created within individual units for swift health interventions.
05
Low-emissivity glass used in the building envelope improves thermal performance and comfort.

The design features a dual-function residential building that responds to the challenges associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Located in a context focused on health and safety, the structure can be used for everyday living or converted to accommodate individuals needing isolation due to infectious diseases. This approach merges the need for practical living spaces with strategies aimed at promoting well-being.

Passive Ventilation

A notable aspect of the building is its passive ventilation system. This system reduces the potential transmission of viruses within the indoor environment. By improving air quality without needing extensive mechanical processes, the design prioritizes the health of its residents.



Climate Regulation

The project incorporates techniques for passive climate regulation. It features an air layer that helps maintain comfortable temperatures throughout the year. In warm weather, the system effectively removes excess heat, while in colder months, it minimizes heat loss, providing comfort regardless of the season.



Two-Shell Concept

The design employs a two-shell concept, which is inspired by the principles seen in the Smith House. This architectural method enhances the building's performance by adapting to local weather conditions. By optimizing the building envelope, it improves energy efficiency and helps keep indoor environments comfortable.



Functional Layout

The arrangement of living spaces demonstrates flexibility, with units designed for typical residential use that can be quickly adapted into negative-pressure wards. This ability to shift use supports timely responses during health emergencies and ensures that the building can serve various needs while retaining its residential character.



Inside, the structure features steel for connection points, hard low-emissivity glass for effective temperature control, and wooden components that bring a natural touch. These materials contribute to the design’s overall functionality and appeal, creating a cohesive living environment.

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MICROHOME 2026
MICROHOME 2026
100,000 € Prize Fund / Kingpsan Edition #11
The Next House: USA
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20,000 USD Prize
Buildner's Unbuilt Award 2026
Buildner's Unbuilt Award 2026
100,000€ Prize / 2026

The Next House: USA — A Global Call to Reimagine the American Suburb

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Competition organisers

Buildner is launching The Next House: USA, a global architecture competition that challenges architects, designers, and thinkers to reimagine the American suburban home for the 21st century. For decades, the suburban house has symbolized comfort and stability, but today it often reflects excess, isolation, and environmental strain. This competition asks: how can the American home evolve to address climate urgency, economic pressures, and shifting social values?

Participants are tasked with designing a prototype home of no more than 1,500 sq ft (≈140 m²) for a household of two adults and one child. The design should be compact yet generous, adaptable, sustainable, affordable, and replicable across diverse U.S. contexts. More than a design exercise, the competition aims to spark a conversation about how homes can support healthier, smarter, and more connected communities.

The total prize fund is $20,000 USD. The final registration deadline is May 20, 2026, and winners will be announced on September 22, 2026. The Next House: USA invites architects, students, and visionaries worldwide to redefine what the American home means today—and what it should mean tomorrow.

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