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Terracotta-Aided Observation Towers Bridging Tectonic Forces

Authors:
Jing Xu, Gang Liu, Sizhuo Gao
Terracotta-Aided Observation Towers Bridging Tectonic Forces
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Terracotta panels envelop observation towers that connect the North American and Eurasian tectonic plates, providing visitors with a unique vantage point to explore Iceland's dynamic geological landscape.
5 key facts about this project
01
Observation towers are designed to dynamically adjust to geological movement through an integrated gear system.
02
The structure features terracotta panels that enhance thermal efficiency and integrate with the natural landscape.
03
Visitor circulation is strategically divided between public areas and private bathing experiences within the site.
04
Kvennagja Cave and Karlagja Cave serve as unique entrances, linking visitors to the geological history of the area.
05
Rainwater is collected and reused in the building's operations, showcasing a commitment to sustainable practices.

The project "Anchor of the Plates" is located on the north side of Iceland, around 290 kilometers from Reykjavík. This site is positioned along the boundary of the North American and Eurasian tectonic plates, a place where the earth reveals its geological history through cracks and fissures. The design aims to connect these two plates, representing the natural tension and movement of the land. It also serves as a visitor center, allowing people to engage with the remarkable landscape around them.

Concept and Design Intent

The main theme focuses on linking and reflecting the natural tension found in tectonic activity. The architecture uses 'anchors' that connect the two plates both literally and symbolically. Observation towers act as bridges striving to close the gap between these natural divides. This concept not only takes into account the geographical features of the area but also highlights human efforts in the face of powerful natural forces.

Structural Elements

Notable features of the design include a slender rope-way bridge connecting the opposing banks. This bridge is characterized by a machine-like appearance. It incorporates a gear system that can automatically adjust to geological changes. This adaptability allows the structure to respond to the shifting landscape, enhancing the experience for visitors who come to witness these natural changes.

Materiality and Sustainability

The design employs a shell structure covered with terracotta panels. These panels are chosen for their visual appeal and functional properties. The project is designed to collect sunlight and rainwater, showcasing an approach to sustainable resource management. This consideration of materials ensures that the structure can withstand Iceland’s challenging climate while harmonizing with the natural environment.

Visitor Experience

The observation tower features two entrances that lead to Kvennagja Cave and Karlagja Cave, effectively separating areas for public use from private bathing experiences. This well-thought-out layout caters to diverse visitor needs while encouraging exploration and personal reflection. From the observation deck, visitors have the opportunity to enjoy wide views of the rugged landscape, while openings in the walls allow light and scenic views to enter the interior spaces.

The design emphasizes its connection with the land, creating an experience that reflects the geological and cultural stories of Iceland. With observation towers resembling guardians of the landscape, the structure invites visitors to contemplate the immense beauty and power of the ground beneath their feet.

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The Next House: USA — A Global Call to Reimagine the American Suburb

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Competition organisers

Buildner is launching The Next House: USA, a global architecture competition that challenges architects, designers, and thinkers to reimagine the American suburban home for the 21st century. For decades, the suburban house has symbolized comfort and stability, but today it often reflects excess, isolation, and environmental strain. This competition asks: how can the American home evolve to address climate urgency, economic pressures, and shifting social values?

Participants are tasked with designing a prototype home of no more than 1,500 sq ft (≈140 m²) for a household of two adults and one child. The design should be compact yet generous, adaptable, sustainable, affordable, and replicable across diverse U.S. contexts. More than a design exercise, the competition aims to spark a conversation about how homes can support healthier, smarter, and more connected communities.

The total prize fund is $20,000 USD. The final registration deadline is May 20, 2026, and winners will be announced on September 22, 2026. The Next House: USA invites architects, students, and visionaries worldwide to redefine what the American home means today—and what it should mean tomorrow.

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